Headphone Usage: How Many Hours Do People Really Listen?

March 15, 2026 Ananya Mittal - World Editor

Many of us rely on headphones throughout the day – for music, podcasts, audiobooks, or simply to block out distractions. It’s a habit so commonplace that a 2017 study estimated Australians used headphones for an average of 47 to 88 hours each month. But beyond the potential impact of volume on our hearing, there’s another aspect of headphone utilize that deserves attention: hygiene. Headphones, particularly those that enter the ear canal, can harbor bacteria and contribute to ear health issues if not cleaned regularly.

The Ear’s Natural Defenses – and How Headphones Interfere

Understanding how our ears naturally function is key to appreciating why headphone hygiene matters. The external ear, the visible part, is covered in skin and cartilage designed to funnel sound. In-ear headphones, and even hearing aids, fit directly into the ear canal – a short, S-shaped passage leading to the eardrum. This canal isn’t empty. it produces earwax (cerumen) and oils that are vital for maintaining skin health, hydration, and protection against infection. Tiny hairs within the canal also work to trap and remove minor particles, shed skin, and bacteria.

Earwax is, in fact, the ear’s self-cleaning mechanism. We typically only notice it when there’s an excessive buildup, which can potentially block hearing or even clog the mesh of earbuds. However, it’s important not to attempt to remove earwax yourself with cotton swabs or other objects, as this can push it further in and potentially cause damage. If you’re concerned about earwax buildup, consulting a pharmacist or general practitioner is the best course of action.

Headphones, by blocking the ear canal, create a warmer, more humid environment – a potentially ideal breeding ground for bacteria. They also introduce a foreign object into this delicate system, potentially disrupting the natural flow of earwax and debris.

Beyond Bacteria: A Glance at Potential Risks

While the primary concern with uncleaned headphones is bacterial buildup, other issues can arise. The accumulation of earwax, dead skin cells, and oils can create a physical blockage, impacting sound quality and potentially leading to discomfort. More seriously, a 2017 incident highlighted a potential, though rare, safety risk. Australian authorities investigated a case where a passenger’s battery-powered headphones caught fire mid-flight, causing burns to her face and hands. CNN reported that the incident was likely caused by a fault in the headphones’ batteries. This underscores the importance of using reputable brands and being aware of potential battery-related hazards.

Hearing Health and Headphone Use: A Broader Perspective

The World Health Organization (WHO) provides guidance on protecting hearing when using personal listening devices. They advise keeping the volume below 60% of the maximum and utilizing devices that monitor sound exposure and limit volume. This is crucial, as prolonged exposure to loud sounds is a leading cause of preventable hearing loss. However, it’s important to remember that hearing loss isn’t solely about volume.

Interestingly, a study from Macquarie University indicated that up to 41% of Australians who regularly use headphones believe they have some degree of hearing loss. This suggests a heightened awareness of potential hearing issues among headphone users, but it also highlights the need for clear and accessible information about safe listening practices.

Cleaning Your Headphones: Practical Steps

Regular cleaning is essential to minimize the risks associated with headphone use. The Conversation offers guidance on keeping your headphones clean and safe. The specific cleaning method will vary depending on the type of headphones:

  • Earbuds/In-ear headphones: Gently wipe the silicone tips with a soft, slightly damp cloth. For more thorough cleaning, remove the tips and wash them with mild soap and water. Ensure they are completely dry before reattaching.
  • Over-ear headphones: Wipe the earcups with a soft, damp cloth. For leather or pleather earcups, use a leather cleaner specifically designed for these materials.

Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners, as these can damage the headphones. It’s also a good idea to clean your headphones regularly, ideally after each use, or at least once a week.

What to Watch For: Ear Health and Seeking Professional Advice

While regular cleaning can significantly reduce the risk of ear-related problems, it’s important to be aware of potential warning signs. If you experience any of the following, consult a healthcare professional:

  • Ear pain
  • Changes in hearing
  • Discharge from the ear
  • Itching or irritation
  • A feeling of fullness in the ear

These symptoms could indicate an ear infection or other underlying issue that requires medical attention. Remember, maintaining good ear hygiene is a proactive step towards protecting your hearing and overall health.