Toothpaste for Acne: Why Experts Say It’s a Bad Idea

The internet is awash in home remedies and one that resurfaces frequently suggests using toothpaste to spot-treat acne. But does this common household item actually aid clear up blemishes? Experts are clear: the answer is no, and applying toothpaste to acne can likely do more harm than good.

S. Tyler Hollmig, MD, director of laser and cosmetic dermatology at the University of Texas at Austin’s Dell Medical School, explains that while toothpaste contains ingredients like baking soda, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, and menthol – all of which have drying properties that might seem helpful in shrinking a pimple – the risks significantly outweigh any potential benefits. The idea stems from the notion that drying out the blemish will reduce its size and inflammation, but dermatologists caution against this approach.

How Toothpaste Can Irritate Skin

The primary concern with using toothpaste on acne is its potential to disrupt the skin barrier. Dr. Hollmig notes that the drying effects of toothpaste can lead to dermatitis, a general term for skin inflammation characterized by dryness, itching, or a rash. Essentially, instead of improving the condition, toothpaste can worsen it, leaving your skin feeling and looking more irritated.

Acne isn’t a simple issue; it’s a complex process driven by a combination of factors including a buildup of skin cells, the presence of C. Acnes bacteria, oil production, inflammation, hormonal influences, and even genetics. Toothpaste may potentially interfere with this process by clogging pores, whereas research supporting this claim is limited. More definitively, damaging the skin barrier through irritation triggers further inflammation, creating a vicious cycle that can exacerbate acne breakouts.

The Risk of Scarring and Hyperpigmentation

Beyond immediate irritation, using toothpaste on acne carries the risk of long-term skin damage. The inflammation caused by toothpaste can increase the likelihood of scarring, and specifically, hyperpigmentation – a darkening of the skin. This risk is particularly pronounced for individuals with darker skin tones.

Hyperpigmentation can occur as a result of the acne itself (postinflammatory hyperpigmentation), but harsh treatments like toothpaste can also cause cellular damage that leads to discoloration. Treating this discoloration often requires further dermatological interventions. Deirdre O’Boyle Hooper, MD, a board-certified dermatologist and co-founder of Audubon Dermatology in Modern Orleans, emphasizes that injury to the skin and aggressive treatments can contribute to this problem.

Perioral Dermatitis: Another Potential Complication

Another potential, though less common, risk associated with toothpaste use around the mouth is perioral dermatitis. This inflammatory skin condition manifests as a red, pimple-like rash around the mouth. While the causes of perioral dermatitis are varied – including topical steroid use, chewing gum, and even dental fillings – toothpaste can be a contributing factor.

Dr. Hooper explains that perioral dermatitis is a complex condition with multiple potential triggers. However, if you suspect toothpaste is contributing to a rash around your mouth, she recommends switching to a toothpaste free of common irritants like sodium lauryl sulfate, cinnamon, and mint for a period of four weeks to spot if symptoms improve. Everyday Health provides a detailed overview of perioral dermatitis, including its symptoms and potential treatments.

What Does the Science Say About Acne Treatments?

Instead of turning to potentially harmful home remedies, dermatologists recommend evidence-based treatments for acne. These include topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and, in more severe cases, oral medications like antibiotics or isotretinoin. Dr. Hollmig is affiliated with Ascension Seton Medical Center Austin and Dell Seton Medical Center at The University of Texas, institutions known for their commitment to evidence-based medical care.

The American Academy of Dermatology Association offers comprehensive resources on acne treatment, emphasizing the importance of consulting a dermatologist for personalized advice. They highlight that effective acne treatment often requires a combination of approaches tailored to the individual’s skin type and the severity of their acne.

Understanding Acne: A Multifaceted Condition

It’s crucial to understand that acne isn’t simply a matter of “dirty skin.” It’s a complex interplay of biological factors. Increased sebum (oil) production, clogged hair follicles, bacteria (specifically Cutibacterium acnes, formerly known as Propionibacterium acnes), and inflammation all contribute to the development of acne lesions. Hormonal fluctuations, genetics, and even stress can also play a role.

Different types of acne lesions require different treatment approaches. Whiteheads and blackheads are non-inflammatory lesions, while papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts are inflammatory. The severity of acne is often categorized as mild, moderate, or severe, and treatment plans are adjusted accordingly.

What to Do If You’re Struggling with Acne

If you’re experiencing persistent or severe acne, the best course of action is to consult a board-certified dermatologist. They can accurately diagnose your skin condition, identify potential triggers, and develop a personalized treatment plan. Self-treating with unproven remedies like toothpaste can not only be ineffective but also potentially damaging to your skin.

Remember, healthy skin is a long-term investment. A consistent skincare routine, a balanced diet, and stress management can all contribute to clearer, healthier skin. And when it comes to treating acne, relying on evidence-based treatments recommended by a qualified dermatologist is always the safest and most effective approach. Dr. Hollmig’s practice, Austin Dermatologic Surgery, offers a range of dermatological services, including acne treatment and cosmetic procedures.

Looking Ahead: Dermatological research continues to refine our understanding of acne and develop more targeted and effective treatments. Ongoing studies are exploring the role of the microbiome, inflammation, and genetics in acne development, paving the way for innovative therapies in the future. For now, the consensus among experts remains firm: skip the toothpaste and seek professional guidance for your acne concerns.